Carbon monoxide (CO) is a poisonous gas that has no smell or taste. Breathing it in can make you unwell, and it can kill if you're exposed to high levels.
After CO is breathed in, it enters your bloodstream and mixes with haemoglobin (the part of red blood cells that carry oxygen around your body) to form carboxyhemoglobin.
When this happens, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen, and this lack of oxygen causes the body's cells and tissue to fail and die.
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning are flu like. However, unlike flu, CO poisoning does not cause a high temperature.
A headache is the most common symptom of mild CO poisoning.
Other symptoms include:
- dizziness
- feeling and being sick
- tiredness and confusion
- stomach pain
- shortness of breath and difficulty breathing
The symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are not always obvious, particularly during low-level exposure.
What are the causes?
Carbon monoxide (CO) is released when a fuel, such as gas, oil, coal and wood, does not burn fully. Household appliances, such as gas fires, boilers, central heating systems, water heaters, cookers, and open fires, may be possible sources of CO gas.
Running a car engine in an enclosed space can also cause CO poisoning.
CO leaks can happen when an appliance has been incorrectly fitted, badly repaired or poorly maintained. It can also occur if flues, chimneys or vents are blocked.
What should you do about it?
If you suspect you have been exposed to carbon monoxide, get fresh air immediately. Open doors and windows, turn off gas appliances and leave the house. See your doctor or go to your local A&E straight away.
A blood test or breath test will confirm the amount of carboxyhemoglobin in your blood. Medical professionals can advise if you need treatment for CO poisoning.
How do you prevent CO poisoning?
Get your appliances checked regularly and get an audible CO alarm fitted.